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Minggu, 28 Oktober 2012

Cara Pasang Iklan Dikiri dan Kanan pada Blog + Tombol [x] Close

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Sabtu, 27 Oktober 2012

Windows 8 Professional X32-X64 bit + Actived

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Windows 8 adalah generasi kedelapan dari sistem operasi windows sehingga dalam versi yang terbaru ini di namai dengan windows 8. Walaupun versi final ini baru akan di lauching tanggal 26 Oktober tahun 2012 namun pada bulan Agustus kemarin Microsoft telah merilis versi final Windows 8 ke MSDN (Microsoft Developer Network) dan pelanggan TechNet.
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Rabu, 24 Oktober 2012

Berapa Harga iPad Mini?

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iPad Mini

    Dari semua hal tentang iPad Mini, yang paling mengundang rasa penasaran mungkin adalah harganya.

Hari ini pertanyaan tersebut terjawab sudah. Apple mengumumkan harga iPad Mini di acara di San Jose, Amerika Serikat, Rabu (24/10/2012) waktu setempat.
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Senin, 22 Oktober 2012

HUD-Blue Skin pack free download

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Transform Windows 7 to HUD-Blue



Transform Windows 7 to HUD-Blue
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Sabtu, 20 Oktober 2012

Andres Iniesta Pemain Terbaik Eropa 2011-2012

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Andres Iniesta resmi terpilih sebagai Pemain Terbaik Eropa 2011-2012 oleh UEFA; gelandang serang Barcelona berhasil mengalahkan dua pesaing utamanya, Lionel Messi (Barcelona) dan Cristiano Ronaldo (Real Madrid).

Kebanyakan orang akan mengunggulkan Lionel Messi atau Cristiano Ronaldo dalam perebutan gelar pemain terbaik Eropa 2011-2012. Namun, fakta berbicara lain. Andres Iniesta, gelandang serang Barcelona dan timnas Spanyol sukses mengungguli keduanya untuk menyabet gelar Pemain Terbaik Eropa 2011-2012.
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Kamis, 18 Oktober 2012

Sejarah Candi Borobudur

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Sejarah Berdiri Candi Borobudur














Kumpulan Sejarah - Candi borobudur merupakan salah satu obyek wisata yang terkenal di Indonesia yang terletak di Borobudur, Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Nama Borobudur berasal dari gabungan kata Boro dan Budur, Boro berasal dari kata Sangsekerta berarti “ Vihara” yang berarti komplek Candi dan Bihara atau juga asrama ( Menurut Purwacaraka Dan Stuten Herm ) sedangkan Budur dalam bahasa Bali “ Bedudur” yang artinya di Atas. Jadi nama Borobudur berarti asrama atau bahasa ( Komplek Candi ) yang terletak di atas bukit


Waktu didirikannya Candi Borobudur tidaklah dapat diketahui dengan pasti namun suatu perkiraan dapat di peroleh dengan tulisan singkat yang di pahatkan di atas pigura relief kaki asli Candi Borobudur ( Karwa Wibhangga ) menunjukan huruf sejenis dengan yang di dapatkan dari prasati di akhir abad ke – 8 sampai awal abad ke – 9 dari bukti – bukti tersebut dapat di tarik kesimpulan bahwa Candi Borobudur di dirikan sekitar tahun 800 M.

Candi Borobudur dibangun sekitar tahun 800 sebelum masehi atau abad ke 9 . Borobudur dibangun oleh pengikut Buddha Mahayana pada masa pemerintahan Dinasti Dinasti. Candi ini dibangun pada masa kejayaan dinasti dinasti. Pendiri Candi Borobudur, Raja Samaratungga dari atau dinasti dinasti dinasti. Kemungkinan candi ini dibangun sekitar 824 AD dan selesai sekitar 900 Masehi pada masa pemerintahan Ratu Pramudawardhani putri Samaratungga. Sementara arsitek yang membantu membangun candi ini untuk cerita turun-temurun bernama Gunadharma.

Borobudur kata-kata sendiri berdasarkan bukti tertulis pertama yang ditulis oleh Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Gubernur Jenderal Britania Raya di Jawa, yang memberikan nama candi ini. Tidak ada bukti tertulis bahwa orang tua yang memberikan nama ini Candi Borobudur. Hanya satu dokumen tertua yang menunjukkan adanya candi ini Nagarakretagama buku yang ditulis oleh MPU tahun 1365 Prapanca Buku tersebut ditulis bahwa candi ini digunakan sebagai tempat untuk meditasi Buddhis.

Arti dari "biara di pegunungan" nama Borobudur yang berasal dari kata "bara" (candi atau biara) dan "beduhur" (bukit atau tanah tinggi) di sansekerta. Oleh karena itu, sesuai dengan arti nama Borobudur, maka tempat ini sejak dahulu digunakan sebagai tempat ibadah Buddha.

Candi ini selama berabad-abad tidak lagi digunakan. Jadi, karena letusan gunung berapi, menutupi sebagian besar bangunan Borobudur tanah vulkanik. Selain itu, bangunan juga ditutupi dengan berbagai pepohonan dan semak belukar selama berabad-abad. Kemudian bangunan candi ini mulai terlupakan dalam waktu Islam datang ke Indonesia sekitar abad ke-15.

Pada tahun 1814, ketika Inggris menduduki Indonesia, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles mendengar tentang penemuan benda arkeologi besar di desa Bumisegoro Kabupaten Magelang. Karena minat yang besar dalam sejarah Jawa, dan kemudian segera memerintahkan Raffles HC Cornelius, seorang insinyur Belanda, untuk menyelidiki lokasi penemuan itu berupa bukit yang dipenuhi semak belukar.

Cornelius dibantu oleh sekitar 200 orang jatuh pepohonan dan menyingkirkan semak yang menutupi bangunan raksasa. Karena bangunan sudah rapuh dan bisa runtuh, kemudian melaporkan kepada Kornelius penemuan Raffles berisi beberapa gambar. Sejak penemuannya, adalah Raffles bernama pria yang memulai pemugaran Candi Borobudur dan mendapat perhatian dunia. Pada tahun 1835, seluruh kawasan candi telah digali. Candi ini diadakan kembali di era kolonial Belanda.

Setelah kemerdekaan Indonesia pada tahun 1956 Pemerintah Indonesia meminta bantuan dari UNESCO untuk memeriksa kerusakan Borobudur. Jadi, pada tahun 1963. Dari keputusan Pemerintah Indonesia resmi untuk melaksanakan pemugaran Candi Borobudur oleh UNESCO ini namun dipulihkan hanya benar-benar mulai terjadi pada tanggal 10 Agustus 1973. Proses renovasi baru selesai pada tahun 1984. Sejak tahun 1991, ditunjuk Borobudur sebagai Dunia atau World Heritage Site oleh UNESCO.
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Sejarah Perkembangan Internet

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PENGERTIAN INTERNET, SEJARAH INTERNET, MANFAAT INTERNET

SEJARAH INTERNET
Berikut sejarah kemunculan dan perkembangan internet.
Sejarah internet dimulai pada 1969 ketika Departemen Pertahanan Amerika, U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA) memutuskan untuk mengadakan riset tentang bagaimana caranya menghubungkan sejumlah komputer sehingga membentuk jaringan organik.


Program riset ini dikenal dengan nama ARPANET. Pada 1970, sudah lebih dari 10 komputer yang berhasil dihubungkan satu sama lain sehingga mereka bisa saling berkomunikasi dan membentuk sebuah jaringan.

Tahun 1972, Roy Tomlinson berhasil menyempurnakan program e-mail yang ia ciptakan setahun yang lalu untuk ARPANET. Program e-mail ini begitu mudah sehingga langsung menjadi populer. Pada tahun yang sama, icon @juga diperkenalkan sebagai lambang penting yang menunjukkan "at" atau "pada". Tahun 1973, jaringan komputer ARPANET mulai dikembangkan ke luar Amerika Serikat. Komputer University College di London merupakan komputer pertama yang ada di luar Amerika yang menjadi anggota jaringan
Arpanet.

Pada tahun yang sama, dua orang ahli komputer yakni Vinton Cerf dan Bob Kahn mempresentasikan sebuah gagasan yang lebih besar, yang menjadi cikal bakal pemikiran internet. Ide ini dipresentasikan untuk pertama kalinya di Universitas Sussex.

Hari bersejarah berikutnya adalah tanggal 26 Maret 1976, ketika Ratu Inggris berhasil mengirimkan e-mail dari Royal Signals and Radar Establishment di Malvern. Setahun kemudian, sudah lebih dari 100 komputer yang bergabung di ARPANET membentuk sebuah jaringan atau network. Pada 1979, Tom Truscott, Jim Ellis dan Steve Bellovin, menciptakan newsgroups pertama yang diberi nama USENET. Tahun 1981 France Telecom menciptakan gebrakan dengan meluncurkan telpon televisi pertama, dimana orang bisa saling menelpon sambil berhubungan dengan video link.

Karena komputer yang membentuk jaringan semakin hari semakin banyak, maka dibutuhkan sebuah protokol resmi yang diakui oleh semua jaringan. Pada tahun 1982 dibentuk Transmission Control Protocol atau TCP dan Internet Protokol atau IP yang kita kenal semua.

Sementara itu di Eropa muncul jaringan komputer tandingan yang dikenal dengan Eunet, yang menyediakan jasa jaringan komputer di negara-negara Belanda, Inggris, Denmark dan Swedia. Jaringan Eunet menyediakan jasa e-mail dan newsgroup USENET.

Untuk menyeragamkan alamat di jaringan komputer yang ada, maka pada tahun 1984 diperkenalkan sistem nama domain, yang kini kita kenal dengan DNS atau Domain Name System. Komputer yang tersambung dengan jaringan yang ada sudah melebihi 1000 komputer lebih. Pada 1987 jumlah komputer yang tersambung ke jaringan melonjak 10 kali lipat manjadi 10.000 lebih.

Tahun 1988, Jarko Oikarinen dari Finland menemukan dan sekaligus memperkenalkan IRC atau Internet Relay Chat. Setahun kemudian, jumlah komputer yang saling berhubungan kembali melonjak 10 kali lipat dalam setahun. Tak kurang dari 100.000 komputer kini membentuk sebuah jaringan. Tahun 1990 adalah tahun yang paling bersejarah, ketika Tim Berners Lee menemukan program editor dan browser yang bisa menjelajah antara satu komputer dengan komputer yang lainnya, yang membentuk jaringan itu. Program inilah yang disebut www, atau Worl Wide Web.

Tahun 1992, komputer yang saling tersambung membentuk jaringan sudah melampaui sejuta komputer, dan di tahun yang sama muncul istilah surfing the internet. Tahun 1994, situs internet telah tumbuh menjadi 3000 alamat halaman, dan untuk pertama kalinya virtual-shopping atau e-retail muncul di internet. Dunia langsung berubah. Di tahun yang sama Yahoo! didirikan, yang juga sekaligus kelahiran Netscape Navigator
PENGERTIAN INTERNET
Internet dapat diartikan sebagai jaringan komputer luas dan besar yang mendunia, yaitu menghubungkan pemakai komputer dari suatu negara ke negara lain di seluruh dunia, dimana di dalamnya terdapat berbagai sumber daya informasi dari mulai yang statis hingga yang dinamis dan interaktif.
MANFAAT INTERNET
Secara umum ada banyak manfaat yang dapat diperoleh apabila seseorang mempunyai
akses ke internet .Berikut ini sebagian dari apa yang tersedia di internet:
1. Informasi untuk kehidupan pribadi :kesehatan, rekreasi, hobby, pengembangan pribadi, rohani, sosial.
2. Informasi untuk kehidupan profesional/pekerja :sains, teknologi, perdagangan, saham, komoditas, berita bisnis, asosiasi profesi, asosiasi bisnis, berbagai forum komunikasi.
Satu hal yang paling menarik ialah keanggotaan internet tidak mengenal batas negara, ras, kelas ekonomi, ideologi atau faktor faktor lain yang biasanya dapat menghambat pertukaran pikiran.

Internet adalah suatu komunitas dunia yang sifatnya sangat demokratis serta memiliki kode etik yang dihormati segenap anggotanya. Manfaat internet terutama diperoleh melalui kerjasama antar pribadi atau kelompok tanpa mengenal batas jarak dan waktu.

Untuk lebih meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia di Indonesia, sudah waktunya para profesional Indonesia memanfaatkan jaringan internet dan menjadi bagian dari masyarakat informasi dunia.

Demikian uraian kali ini mengenai SEJARAH INTERNET - PENGERTIAN INTERNET - MANFAAT INTERNET yang dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber. semoga dapat bermanfaat buat anda semua.
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Biography Herman Melville

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Herman Melville (August 1, 1819 – September 28, 1891) was an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet. He is best known for his novel Moby-Dick. His first three books gained much contemporary attention (the first, Typee, becoming a bestseller), and after a fast-blooming literary success in the late 1840s, his popularity declined precipitously in the mid-1850s and never recovered during his lifetime.
When he died in 1891, he was almost completely forgotten. It was not until the "Melville Revival" in the early 20th century that his work won recognition, especially Moby-Dick, which was hailed as one of the literary masterpieces of both American and world literature. He was the first writer to have his works collected and published by the Library of America.

Early life, education, and family Biography

Herman Melville was born in New York City on August 1, 1819,[1] the third of eight children of Allan and Maria Gansevoort Melvill. Herman's younger brother, Thomas Melville,eventually became a governor of Sailors Snug Harbor.
After her husband Allan died, between 1832 and 1834, Maria added an "e" to the family surname — seemingly at the behest of her son Gansevoort.[2]
Part of a well-established and colorful Boston family, Melville's father, Allan, spent a good deal of time abroad as a commission merchant and an importer of French dry goods.
The author's paternal grandfather, Major Thomas Melvill, was an honored participant in the Boston Tea Party. Thomas Melvill, who refused to change the style of his clothing or manners to fit the times, was depicted in Oliver Wendell Holmes's poem "The Last Leaf". Herman Melville visited his grandfather in Boston, and Allan Melvill also turned to him in his frequent times of financial need.
The maternal side of Melville's family were part of the Dutch settlement of the Hudson Valley. His maternal grandfather was General Peter Gansevoort, a hero of the Battle of Saratoga; in his gold-laced uniform, the general sat for a portrait painted by Gilbert Stuart, which is described in Melville's 1852 novel, Pierre, for Melville wrote out of his familial as well as his nautical background. Like the titular character in Pierre, Melville found satisfaction in his "double revolutionary descent."[3]
Allan Melvill sent his sons to the New York Male School (Columbia Preparatory School). Overextended financially and emotionally unstable, Allan tried to recover from his setbacks by moving his family to Albany in 1830 and going into the fur business. The new venture, however, was unsuccessful; the War of 1812 had ruined businesses that tried to sell overseas and he was forced to declare bankruptcy. He died soon afterward, when Herman was 12, and left his family penniless.[4]
Although Maria had well-off kin, they were apparently concerned with protecting their own interests rather than settling their mother's estate so that Maria's young family would be more secure.
Melville attended the Albany Academy from October 1830 to October 1831, and again from October 1836 to March 1837, where he studied the classics.[5]
Early working life
Melville's roving disposition and a desire to support himself led him to seek work as a surveyor on the Erie Canal. This effort failed, and his brother helped him get a job as a "boy"[6] (a green hand) on a New York ship bound for Liverpool. He made the voyage, and returned on the same ship. Redburn: His First Voyage (1849) is partly based on his experiences of this journey.
Travels in the Pacific (1841-45)The three years after Albany Academy (1837 to 1840) were, for the most part, occupied with teaching school; there was an exceptional voyage to Liverpool in 1839. From 1838 to 1847, he resided at what is now known as the Herman Melville House in Lansingburgh, New York.[7] In late 1840, he once again decided to sign ship's articles.
On January 3, 1841, he sailed from Fairhaven, Massachusetts on the whaler Acushnet,[8] which was bound for the Pacific Ocean. He was later to comment that his life began that day. The vessel sailed around Cape Horn and traveled to the South Pacific. Melville left little direct information about the events of this 18-month voyage, although his whaling romance, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, probably gives many pictures of life on board the Acushnet. Melville deserted the Acushnet in the Marquesas Islands in July 1842.[9]
For three weeks he lived among the Typee natives, who were called cannibals by the two other tribal groups on the island—though they treated Melville very well. Typee, Melville's first novel, describes a brief love affair with a beautiful native girl, Fayaway, who generally "wore the garb of Eden" and came to epitomize the guileless noble savage in the popular imagination.
Melville did not seem to be concerned about repercussions of his desertion from the Acushnet. He boarded an Australian whaleship, the Lucy Ann, bound for Tahiti; took part in a mutiny and was briefly jailed in the native "Calabooza Beretanee". After release, he spent several months asbeachcomber and island rover (Omoo in Tahitian) eventually crossing over to Moorea. He then signed articles on yet another whaler for a six-month cruise (November 1842 − April 1843) which terminated in Honolulu.
While in Hawaii he became a controversial figure for his vehement opposition to the activities of Christian missionaries seeking to convert the native population. After working as a clerk for four months, he joined the crew of the frigate USS United States, which reached Boston in October 1844. These experiences were described in Typee, Omoo, and White-Jacket, which were published as novels mainly because few would have believed their veracity.
Melville completed Typee in the summer of 1845. After some difficulty in arranging publication, [10] it appeared in 1846 in London, where it became an overnight bestseller. The Boston publisher subsequently accepted Omoo sight unseen. Typee and Omoo gave Melville overnight renown as a writer and adventurer, and he often entertained by telling stories to his admirers. As writer and editor Nathaniel Parker Willis wrote, "With his cigar and his Spanish eyes, he talks Typee and Omoo, just as you find the flow of his delightful mind on paper".[10]
The novels, however, did not generate enough royalties to support him. Omoo was not as colorful as Typee; readers began to realize Melville was not producing only adventure stories. Redburnand White-Jacket had no problem finding publishers. Mardi was a disappointment for readers who wanted another rollicking and exotic sea yarn.

Marriage and later working life

Herman Melville's home, Arrowhead, Pittsfield, Massachusetts

On August 4, 1847 Melville married Elizabeth Shaw, daughter of Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court Lemuel Shaw; the couple honeymooned in Canada.[11] They had four children: two sons and two daughters. In 1850 they purchased Arrowhead, a farm house inPittsfield, Massachusetts, now a museum. Here Melville lived for 13 years, occupied with his writing and managing his farm.
While living at Arrowhead, he befriended the author, Nathaniel Hawthorne, who lived in nearby Lenox. Melville was tremendously inspired and encouraged by his new relationship with Hawthorne[12] during the period that he was writing Moby-Dick (dedicating it to Hawthorne[13]), though their friendship was on the wane only a short time later, when he wrote Pierre there. However, these works did not achieve the popular and critical success of his earlier books. Indeed, The New York Day Book on September 8, 1852, published a venomous attack on Melville and his writings headlined HERMAN MELVILLE CRAZY. The item, offered as a news story, reported, "A critical friend, who read Melville's last book, 'Ambiguities," between two steamboat accidents, told us that it appeared to be composed of the ravings and reveries of a madman. We were somewhat startled at the remark, but still more at learning, a few days after, that Melville was really supposed to be deranged, and that his friends were taking measures to place him under treatment. We hope one of the earliest precautions will be to keep him stringently secluded from pen and ink."[14]
Following this and other scathing reviews of Pierre by critics, publishers became wary of Melville's work. His publisher, Harper & Brothers, rejected his next manuscript, Isle of the Cross, which has been lost. On April 1, 1857, Melville published his last full-length novel, The Confidence-Man. This novel, subtitled "His Masquerade", has won general acclaim in modern times as a complex and mysterious exploration of issues of fraud and honesty, identity and masquerade, but when it was published, it received reviews ranging from the bewildered to the denunciatory.[15]

Herman Melville, 1860
To repair his faltering finances, Melville was advised by friends to enter what was, for others, the lucrative field of lecturing. From 1857 to 1860, he spoke at lyceums, chiefly on Roman statuary and sightseeing in Rome.[16] Turning to poetry, he gathered a collection of verse that failed to interest a publisher. In 1863, he and his wife resettled, with their four children, in New York City. After the end of the American Civil War, he published Battle Pieces and Aspects of the War, (1866) a collection of over 70 poems that was generally ignored by the critics, although a few gave him patronizingly favorable reviews. In 1866, Melville's wife and her relatives used their influence to obtain a position for him as customs inspector for the City of New York (a humble but adequately paying appointment), and he held the post for 19 years. In a notoriously corrupt institution, Melville soon won the reputation of being the only honest employee of the customs house.[17] But from 1866, his professional writing career can be said to have come to an end.

Later years

Melville spent years writing a 16,000-line epic poem, Clarel, inspired by his earlier trip to the Holy Land. His uncle, Peter Gansevoort, by a bequest, paid for the publication of the massive epic in 1876. But the publication failed miserably, and the unsold copies were burned when Melville was unable to afford to buy them at cost.
As his professional fortunes waned, Melville's home life became threatened. Elizabeth's relatives repeatedly urged her to leave him, and offered to have him committed as insane, but she refused. In 1867, his oldest son, Malcolm, shot himself, perhaps accidentally. While Melville worked, his wife managed to wean him off alcohol, and he no longer showed signs of agitation or insanity. But depression recurred after the death of his second son, Stanwix, in San Francisco early in 1886. Melville retired in 1886, after several of his wife's relatives died and left the couple legacies that Mrs. Melville administered with skill and good fortune.
As English readers, pursuing the vogue for sea stories represented by such writers as G. A. Henty, rediscovered Melville's novels, he experienced a modest revival of popularity in England, though not in the United States. Once more he took up his pen, writing a series of poems with prose head notes inspired by his early experiences at sea. He published them in two collections, each issued in a tiny edition of 25 copies for his relatives and friends:John Marr (1888) and Timoleon (1891).
One of these poems further intrigued him, and he began to rework the headnote to turn it into first a short story and then a novella. He worked on it on and off for several years, but when he died in September 1891, he left the piece unfinished, and not until the literary scholar Raymond Weaver published it in 1924 did the book – which is now known as Billy Budd, Sailor – come to light.

Death (1891)


The grave of Herman Melville and his wife
Melville died at his home in New York City early on the morning of September 28, 1891, age 72. The doctor listed "cardiac dilation" on the death certificate.[18] He was interred in the Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York. A common story says that his New York Times obituary called him "Henry Melville", implying that he was unknown and unappreciated at his time of death, but the story is not true. A later retrospective article did appear on October 6 in the same paper referring to him as "the late Hiram Melville", but this appears to have been a typesetting error.[19]

Obituary notice in the New York Times
From about age 35, Melville ceased to be popular with a broad audience because of his increasingly philosophical, political and experimental tendencies. His novella Billy Budd, Sailor, unpublished until 33 years after the author's death, was later turned into a play, an opera by Benjamin Brittenand a film by Peter Ustinov.

Publications and contemporary reactions


Title page of the first U.S. edition ofMoby-Dick, 1851

On May 12, 1985, the New York City Herman Melville Society gathered at 104 East 26th Street to dedicate the intersection of Park Avenue south and 26th Street as Herman Melville Square. This is the street where Melville lived from 1863 to 1891 and where, among other works, he wrote Billy Budd.[39]
In 2010 it was announced that a new species of extinct giant sperm whale, Livyatan melvillei was named in honor of Melville. The paleontologists who discovered the fossil were all fans of Moby-Dick and wanted to dedicate their discovery to Melville.

Plaque outside 104 East 26th street, New York


Most of Melville's novels were published first in the United Kingdom and then in the U.S. Sometimes the editions contain substantial differences with Melville acceding to his different publishers' requirements for different audiences.
Moby-Dick; or, The Whale was dedicated to Melville's friend Nathaniel Hawthorne.[13] It did not, however, make Melville rich. The book never sold its initial printing of 3,000 copies in his lifetime, and total earnings from the American edition amounted to just $556.37 from his publisher, Harper & Brothers. Melville also wrote Billy Budd, White-Jacket, Israel Potter, Redburn, Typee, Omoo, Pierre, The Confidence-Man and many short stories, including "Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street" and "Benito Cereno," and works of various genres.
Melville is less well known as a poet and did not publish poetry until later in life. After the Civil War, he published Battle Pieces and Aspects of the War, which did not sell well; of the Harper & Bros. printing of 1200 copies, only 525 had been sold ten years later.[20] Again tending to outrun the tastes of his readers, Melville's epic length verse-narrative Clarel, about a student's pilgrimage to the Holy Land, was also quite obscure, even in his own time. Among the longest single poems in American literature, Clarel, published in 1876, had an initial printing of only 350 copies. The critic Lewis Mumford found a copy of the poem in the New York Public Library in 1925 "with its pages uncut"—in other words, it had sat there unread for 50 years.[21]
His poetry is not as highly critically esteemed as his fiction, although some critics place him as the first modernist poet in the United States; others would assert that his work more strongly suggest what today would be a postmodern view.[22] A leading champion of Melville's claims as a great American poet was the poet and novelist Robert Penn Warren, who issued a selection of Melville's poetry prefaced by an admiring and acute critical essay. According to Melville scholar Elizabeth Renker "a sea change in the reception of the poems is incipient."[23] In reference to the poem Clarel, poetry critic Helen Vendler remarked: "What it cost Melville to write this poem makes us pause, reading it. Alone, it is enough to win him, as a poet, what he called 'the belated funeral flower of fame'".[24]
Critical response

Contemporary criticism
Melville was not financially successful as a writer, having earned just over $10,000 for his writing during his lifetime.[25]
Melville revival
A confluence of publishing events in the 1920s brought about a reassessment of his work, now commonly called "the Melville Revival". The two books generally considered most important to the Revival were Raymond Weaver's 1921 biography Herman Melville: Man, Mariner and Mystic and his 1924 edition of Melville's last great but never quite finished manuscript, Billy Budd, which Melville's granddaughter gave to Weaver when he visited her for research on the biography. The other works that helped fan the Revival flames were Carl Van Doren's The American Novel (1921), D. H. Lawrence'sStudies in Classic American Literature (1923), Carl Van Vechten's essay in The Double Dealer (1922), and Lewis Mumford's biography, Herman Melville: A Study of His Life and Vision (1929).[26]
In 1945, the Melville Society was formed as a nonprofit organization dedicated to celebrating Melville’s literary legacy.[27] Jay Leyda, better known for his work in film, spent more than a decade gathering documents and records for the day by day Melville Log (1951). In the same year Newton Arvin published the critical biography Herman Melville, which won the nonfiction National Book Award.
In the 1960s, Northwestern University Press, in alliance with the Newberry Library and the Modern Language Association, established ongoing publication runs of Melville's various titles.[28] This alliance sought to create a "definitive" edition of Melville's works. Titles republished under the Northwestern-Newberry Library include Typee, Piazza Tales and Other Prose Pieces, Omoo, Israel Potter, Pierre or the Ambiguities, Confidence-Man, White Jacket or the World in a Man-of-War, Moby Dick, Mardi and a Voyage Thither, Redburn, Clarel, as well as several volumes of Melville's poems, journals, and correspondence.
Gender studies revisionism
Although not the primary focus of Melville scholarship, there has been an emerging interest in the role of gender and sexuality in some of Melville's writings.[29][30][31] Some critics, particularly those interested in gender studies, have explored the existence of male-dominant social structures in Melville's fiction.[32] For example, Alvin Sandberg claimed that the short story "The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids" offers "an exploration of impotency, a portrayal of a man retreating to an all-male childhood to avoid confrontation with sexual manhood" from which the narrator engages in "congenial" digressions in heterogeneity.[33] In line with this view Warren Rosenberg argues the homosocial "Paradise of Bachelors" is shown to be "superficial and sterile."[31]
David Harley Serlin observes in the second half of Melville's diptych, "The Tartarus of Maids," the narrator gives voice to the oppressed women he observes: "As other scholars have noted, the "slave" image here has two clear connotations. One describes the exploitation of the women's physical labor, and the other describes the exploitation of the women's reproductive organs. Of course, as models of women's oppression, the two are clearly intertwined."[34]
In the end the narrator is never fully able to come to terms with the contrasting masculine and feminine modalities. Issues of sexuality have been observed in other works as well. Rosenberg notes Taji, in "Mardi", and the protagonist in "Pierre" "think they are saving young "maidens in distress" (Yillah and Isabel) out of the purest of reasons but both are also conscious of a lurking sexual motive."[31] When Taji kills the old priest holding Yillah captive, he states "remorse smote me hard; and like lightning I asked myself whether the death deed I had done was sprung of virtuous motive, the rescuing of a captive from thrall, or whether beneath the pretense I had engaged in this fatal affray for some other selfish purpose, the companionship of a beautiful maid."[35]
In "Pierre" the motive for his self-sacrifice for Isabel is admitted: "womanly beauty and not womanly ugliness invited him to champion the right."[36] Rosenberg argues "This awareness of a double motive haunts both books and ultimately destroys their protagonists who would not fully acknowledge the dark underside of their idealism. The epistemological quest and the transcendental quest for love and belief are consequently sullied by the erotic."[31]
Melville fully explores the theme of sexuality in his major poetical work "Clarel." When the narrator is separated from Ruth, with whom he has fallen in love, he is free to explore other sexual (and religious) possibilities before deciding at the end of the poem to participate in the ritualistic order marriage represents. In the course of the poem "he considers every form of sexual orientation - celibacy, homosexuality, hedonism, and heterosexuality - raising the same kinds of questions as when he considers Islam or Democracy."[31]
Some passages and sections of Melville's works demonstrate his willingness to address all forms of sexuality, including the homoerotic, in his works. Commonly given examples from Moby Dickare the interpretation of male bonding from what is termed the "marriage bed" episode involving Ishmael and Queequeg, and the "Squeeze of the Hand" chapter describing the camaraderie of sailors extracting spermaceti from a dead whale.[37] Billy Budd's physical attractiveness is described in quasi-feminine terms: "As the Handsome Sailor, Billy Budd's position aboard the seventy-four was something analogous to that of a rustic beauty transplanted from the provinces and brought into competition with the highborn dames of the court." Some critics argue that "Ahab's pursuit of the whale, which they suggest can be associated with the feminine in its shape, mystery, and in its naturalness, represents the ultimate fusion of the epistemological and sexual quest."[31]
Law and literature
In recent years, Billy Budd has become a central text in the field of legal scholarship known as law and literature. In the novel, Billy, a handsome and popular young sailor impressed from the merchant vessel Rights of Man to serve aboard H.M.S. Bellipotent in the late 1790s, during the war between Revolutionary France and Great Britain and her monarchic allies, excites the enmity and hatred of the ship's master-at-arms, John Claggart. Claggart devises phony charges of mutiny and other crimes to level against Billy, and Captain the Honorable Edward Fairfax Vere institutes an informal inquiry, at which Billy convulsively strikes Claggart because his stammer prevents him from speaking.
Vere immediately convenes a drumhead court-martial, at which, after serving as sole witness and as Billy's de facto counsel, Vere then urges the court to convict and sentence Billy to death. The trial is recounted in chapter 21, the longest chapter in the book, and that trial has become the focus of scholarly controversy: was Captain Vere a good man trapped by bad law, or did he deliberately distort and misrepresent the applicable law to condemn Billy to death? [38]
Legacy
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10 Goal Terbaik Sepanjang Sejarah

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Di dalam setiap pertandingan sepak bola, apalagi yang ditunggu oleh para penonton kalau bukan saat – saat terciptanya gol ? Gol tersebut akan menjadi tidak terlupakan apabila terjadi dengan indah. Berikut akan kita bahas 10 gol terbaik sepanjang sejarah dunia 
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Separated the Mixture

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1.      1.  Filtering (Penyaringan): Filtering can be used to separate solids with liquidsUsefulness of screeningdepends on the size of the filteradapted to  the substances that will be in separate.filter used to separate sandand gravel filter is different from that used to filter milk from the pulp. Laboratory filtration using filter paper.Filtering can also be used to separate mixture of several substance that have different solubility in water.
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FUNGSI-FUNGSI BAGIAN PAGE LAYOUT

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1. Icon Perintah di Group Themes
Themes : digunakan untuk memilih tema halaman yang meliputi warna halaman berikut warna         hurufnya.
Color     :
 digunakan untuk mengatur warna tema halaman.
Fonts     :
 digunakan untuk mengatur tema huruf yang akan diterapkan ke halaman dokumen aktif.
Effect     :
 digunakan untuk mengatur tema efek terhadap objek Shape yang terdapat di halaman dokumen.

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Faktor dan Tips Mengoptimalkan Tinggi Badan

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Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tinggi badan

1. Cukup Gizi. Pastikan kita kecukupan protein, lemak, vitamin (seperti vitamin A dan D) dan mineral (seperti zat besi, kalsium, seng dan yodium) karena sangat mempengaruhi peninggian badan.
2. Faktor Keturunan juga menentukan tinggi badan seseorang. Orang tua yang memiliki tinggi badan ideal membuka potensi memilik anak dengan tinggi pula.

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Game For Android Samsung Galaxy S2

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Samsung Galaxy S2 is undoubtedly one of the best smart phone ever created. Its the biggest competitor of iPhone 4 and even upcoming iPhone 5. It has everything that iPhone has and even more but in a lower price. With the power of Google’s Android OS Samsung Galaxy is topping the chart of highest selling smart phone for last 4 months. With dual core processor and 4.3″ WVGA SUPER Amoled display playing games on it is the best gaming experience on a
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Lyric and Chord Just The Way You`re BRUNO MARS

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Intro:
D         Bm
Ah, ah ah ah
       G            D
Ah ah ah ah, ah ah ah
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Kamis, 11 Oktober 2012

Download Need for Speed Hot Pursuit 2

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Game dari EA Games ini akan menunjukkan sensasi baru mengendara balapan. Game Need for Speed Hot Persuit Full PC ini dapat anda dapatkan untuk PC anda secara gratis. Polisi yang ada di game ini pun lebih banyak dan lebih sigap.
Download Need for Speed Hot Persuit Full PC
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Free Download Plant vs Zombie full Version

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Kali ini saya akan berbagi mengenai game Plant vs ZombieGame Plant vs Zombie ini kembali terkenal di tahun 2012 ini setelah beberapa waktu agak menghilang keeksisannya.
Download Game Plant vs Zombie Full Version Terbaru 2012
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Free Download FIFA 13

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Bagi yang penggemar game sepakbola khususnya yang menanti-nanti game FIFA 13 Full Version For PC, karena rencananya game ini akan dirilis langsung oleh EA Games pada tanggal 25 September 2012 ini.
Download FIFA 13 Full Version For PC
Poster Game FIFA 13 EA Games

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Download Grand Theft Auto IV full

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Kali ini saya akan berbagi versi terbaru dari Grand Theft Auto (GTA). Yaitu GTA 4. Pada game kali ini tentunya beda dengan game GTA yang terdahulu, seperti GTA San Andreas dan GTA Vice City. Yang versi terbaru ini pastinya lebih menarik dan lebih keren dengan interface yang lebih baik tentunya.
Free Download Game Grand Theft Auto (GTA) 4 Full Version
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Rabu, 10 Oktober 2012

Chord Guitar Peterpen - Aku Dan Bintang

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Verse 1
C      G      Am
Lihat ke langit luas
C       G         Am
Dan semua musim terus berganti
C      G    Am
Tetap bermain awan

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Selasa, 09 Oktober 2012

Cara Memasang SEO Meta Tags Pada Blog

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Pernahkah sobat berfikir untuk apa membuat banyak-banyak artikel tapi tidak dibaca oleh orang lain alias tidak terindex di Search Engine atau tidak di baca sama sekali oleh Mesin Pencari. Jadi untuk apa membuat artikel di blog, padahal tujuan kita kan agar artikel di baca oleh orang lain,
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Download Pro Evolution Soccer 2013 + cara instal

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helmi`s blog : saya akan posting game yang paling ditunggu-tunggu para pecinta game sepak bola, terutama game Pro Evolution Soccer atau sering kita sebut PES. Game ini adalah hasil pengembangan dari versi sebelumnya yaitu Pro Evolution Soccer 2012. Selain Grafik dari game ini yang keren, Game Play dan Sound-nya bagus dan keren sobat...
langsung saja ini dia.. :D
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10 Pemain bola Dengan Freekick Terbaik

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1. David Beckham
Mempunyai tendangan bebas yang sangat akurat dan melengkung, disebut-sebut Beckham lah penendang free kick terbaik didunia saat ini. Rahasia dibalik tendangan yang begitu akurat dan melengkung terletak pada posisi saat mengambil tendangan tersebut yang amatlah miring. Kemiringinan tubuh becks sangatlah extrem sehingga rentan akan cedera.

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Sejarah Real Madrid

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           Real Madrid adalah klub tersukses sepanjang sejarah sepak bola Eropa. Sulit memungkiri fakta tersebut. Raihan gelar kub berjuluk Los Merengues ini jadi indikator. Sembilan trofi Piala/Liga Champions milik Madrid merupakan yang terbanyak diantara tim-tim Eropa lainnya. Begitu juga di pentas domestik, Madrid telah memenangkan 31 gelar Liga Spanyol, selisih 10 dengan pesaing terdekat, Barcelona.

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Wow ! Mainan Termahal Di Dunia

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No.7 Mainan Tentara
 

Mainan ini dibuat oleh Don Levine dan merupakan prototype mainan G.I Joe pada tahun 1963. Levine telah menjual mainan ini pada acara pelelangan yang diadakan oleh Heritage Comics Auctions of Dallas, kepada Baltimore businessman Stephen A. Geppi tahun 2003.
Harga : $ 200,000 USD

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Kebiasaan Orang Terkaya Di dunia

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William Gates III / Bill Gates – (Pendiri Microsoft)
Bill Gates1 10 Orang Terkaya di Dunia dan Kebiasaan Suksesnya
Kebiasaan: Membaca
“Saya punya banyak impian ketika masih kecil, dan saya kira semua itu tumbuh dari kenyataan bahwa saya punya banyak kesempatan untuk membaca.” 
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7 Gurun Paling Indah Didunia

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7. Farafra (Mesir)
 
Gurun "Putih"
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7 Negara Paling Berbahaya Untuk Ditinggali

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7. Burundi
Disini memang kecil, tapi negara miskin yang padat penduduknya ini 
mempunyai masalah yang sangat besar. Perang saudara antara suku Hutus dan suku Tutsis mencerai-beraikan bangsa ini antara tahun 1993 sampai tahun 2006. Gencatan senjatapun dilancarkan namun kebanyakan suplai makanan urung dilaksanakan. Pembunuhan dan kekacauan masal bersaing dengan masalah lingkungan sebagai sakit

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tips Merampok Visitor Pada Blog

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Kali ini ada trik untuk Merampok Visitor Blog Orang Lain , mungkin sebenarnya bukan mencuri seperti maling curi ayam tapi memindahkan pengunjung blog orang lain ke blog kita .Bahkan bisa sampai puluhan visitor yang datang dengan komentnya . Sudah sering kan anda mempromosikan blog anda di cbox atau shoutmix ? , ini cara jitu agar pengunjung blogorang itu datang ke blog kita

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Rabu, 03 Oktober 2012

Firefox Booster | Firefox Internet Accelerator

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Kembali lagi saya menulis artikel mengenai software internet. Pada beberapa waktu yang lalu, saya telah share software yang mirip-mirip dengan software yang akan saya share kali ini. Untuk info lengkapnya, lihat dibawah ini 

Oke, balik lagi ke topik awal.

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Hanso Player free download

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kali ini saya ingin share software music player yang namanya Hanso Player setelah sebelumnya saya share software untuk windows. Kalo sobat blogger ingin tahu lebih jauh tentang software Transformation 

pengertian:
Hanso Player merupakan software audio player yang dikembangkan oleh orang yang bernama Hanso dan dimaksudkan untuk memberikan solusi bagi para pecinta musik agar bisa mendengarkan file audio kesayangan mereka lewat software gratisan ini.

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